#Vector code to generate numbers in r how to#

Post a comment if you have any question.Creating a numeric vector is the first step towards learning R programming and there are many ways to do that but if we want to generate a sequence of number then it is a bit different thing, not totally different. $ hospital: Factor w/ 2 levels 'California','New York': 2 1 hospital <- c('New York', 'California')įrequently we are intrested to look the structure of dataset we use, and for this we use the function str(): str(df) The function used to create data frames is dataframe() Therefore, a data frame can have one column with numbers and another column with a character. Datasetsĭatasets are similar to the matrix, but in comparison with the matrix, data frame contains numeric and character elements. Y <- matrix(cells, nrow=2, ncol=2, byrow=TRUE, dimnames=list(rowname, colname))Īs you see above, the function byrow=TRUE set the order of cells by row, you can change in FALSE as well. You can create matrix in an other way, by defining the vector and the names of columns and rows. # number of row is 2, than the columns will be 5Īnother way of creating matrices is by using functions column-binding cbind() or row-binding rbind(). Or simply you can create a matrix like this. Similarly to vectors, matrices can have numbers, characters and logical values.

To defined number of columns and rows you use the functions nrow and ncol, respectively. Matrices are vectors with more then one dimension, therefore, matrices has rows and columns. Sometime you may want to know what is the size of the list, and for this use the function length. You may want to access a individuals element of the list. Now that you created a list let see how we can work with it. x <- list(diagnosis='Gastritis', age=79, medication=TRUE) Medical records contain diagnosis, age, and treatment of patients. For example, let suppose that we want to create a list of medical records. Lists are vectors, but not like vectors links can combine different types of objects. When you conduct your analysis make sure that you have coded factors accurately. To make these factors, use the function factor: sf <- factor(s) To create a factor the function factor() is used.Ĭreate a vector with 6 elements: s <- c(0, 1, 2, 1, 0, 0) When we code smoking we can write 0, 1, 2 for never, former and current smoker, respectively. For example, the smoking could be on 3 levels: never smoker, a former smoker, and current smoker. In medical research, levels are widely used and they have an important meaning. x <- seq(from=2, to=10, by=2)įactors are similar to vectors in R but they have another meaning. x <- c(1,2,6,4,7)Ī simple way to generate vectors is to use seq() function in arithmetic progression. Sometimes we might be interested to know the number of elements that a vector has, or in other words the length of vector. Also we can check if the vector is numeric or character. Y <- c('red', 'blue', 'green', 'no color')įinally, we can create and logical vectors # logicalĪdditionally, you can create a vector which combine a numeric and a character values.

The function c() is used to create vectors in R programming.įor example, lets create a numeric vector: # numericĪlso, we can have a character vector # character Vectors can have numeric, character and logical values. Through vectors, we create matrix and data frames. The vector is a very important tool in R programming.

#Vector code to generate numbers in r how to#

In this post, we will show how to create vectors, factors, lists, matrices and datasets in R Vectors